Postpartum Depression
What is Postpartum Depression?
Postpartum depression (PD) is a mood disorder that can affect women after childbirth. Mothers with PD may experience feelings of extreme sadness, hopelessness, worthlessness, and lose interest in their baby. Symptoms can begin anytime within the first year after childbirth.
Causes of Postpartum Depression (PD)
The exact cause of PD is unknown. However, after childbirth, hormone levels (estrogen and progesterone) in women quickly drop. This leads to chemical changes in the brain that may trigger mood swings.
In addition, many mothers are unable to get the rest they need to fully recover. This constant sleep deprivation can lead to exhaustion, which contributes to depressive symptoms.
PD is more likely to occur if you have had any of the following:
*Previous history of postpartum depression
*History of depression not related to pregnancy
*Severe premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
*A difficult or very stressful marriage or relationship
*Lack of social support
*Stressful life events during pregnancy or after childbirth (illness during pregnancy, premature birth, or difficult delivery)
Baby Blues vs Postpartum
Treatment of Postpartum
PD is often treated with therapy, medication or both.
Antidepressants. A physician may recommend an antidepressant to help reduce depression symptoms. Antidepressants act on brain chemicals that are involved in mood regulation. Work with your doctor to weigh the potential risks and benefits of specific antidepressants.
Psychotherapy. Some mothers with postpartum depression may be hesitant to take antidepressants due to concerns regarding breast milk or potential side effects. Therefore, some prefer psychological treatments. Research supports evidence-based interventions (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Interpersonal Therapy) as effective treatment in reducing symptoms of postpartum depression.
